Conceptualizing the Policy Tools of Spatial Planning

While many policy tools can be used to develop spatial plans and implement their goals, there have been very few academic attempts classify illustrate the whole range of available. This article reviews different ways in which planning conceptualized date highlights a wide variation interpretation. Building directly on literature from studies, new classification is put forward has potential applications studying governance. As well as distinguishing between four main types (nodality, authority, treasure, organization), differentiates procedural substantive tools.